вторник, 15 декабря 2020 г.

present perfect used to 9 class grammar

 

Directions: Complete each statement in the present perfect tense, passive voice. The main verb is in parentheses.

1. The work ____________________________________. (finish)

2. Pedro _____________________________________ yet. (pay–negative)

3. The apartment across the street ______________________________________by the police twice this week. (visit)

4. She __________________________________________ many times not to do that anymore. (tell)

5. My car ___________________________________________yet. (fix–negative)

6. I _____________________________________________ by a few people who want to do business with me. (contact)

7. Wars in that part of the world ________________________________________ for decades. (fight)

8. That technique _________________________________________ many times. (try)

9. These hamburgers ____________________________________________long enough. (cook–negative)

10. Our offer to buy the building ________________________________________ with some resistance from the city. (meet)




Directions: Complete each question in the present perfect tense, passive voice. The main verb is in parentheses.

1. __________ that part of the world ever _______________________________________ by people? (visit)

2. __________ the mail _________________________________________________ yet? (deliver)

3. __________ the students _____________________________________________ their books? (give)

4. __________ the problem ___________________________________________ by the city leaders? (address)

5. __________ the thieves ___________________________________________ yet? (catch–negative)

6. __________ the money ___________________________________________ wisely? (spend)

7. Why __________ the laundry _____________________________________ yet? (do–negative)

8. Where ___________ the prisoner _____________________________________? (take)

9. What ___________________________________________________ to help the poor in this country? (do)

10. How many opportunities __________ you _______________________________? (give)


Directions: Rewrite each sentence. Use “(be) used to” and a gerund for each sentence. (10 points)

Example: He didn’t know how to drive a car until last year.

 Now, he is used to driving a car.

1. She saw snow for the first time when she moved to Minnesota.

 Now, she ______ ___________ snow in the winter.

2. Thomas had never worked early in the morning until he began his new job.

  Now, he ________ ____________ in the morning.

3. The students didn’t speak English on their first day of class.

 Now, they ________ _________ every day in class.

4. Jerry didn’t walk very much before he moved to Jamaica.

 Now, he ________ ______________ everywhere he goes.

5.  I didn’t take the bus very often before I moved to Chicago.

  Nowadays, I ________ __________the bus all over the city.

6. Bill and Linda are parents. They started having kids ten years ago.

 They _______ ___________ parents.

7. Belinda rarely shopped after midnight before she got her new job.

 Now, she _______ ___________ after midnight.

8. We do our own housework.

 We _______ our cleaning ourselves.


10 (1)

British cuisine is simple. Puddings, stews, pies and breads are __________________ British dishes. Many of them are cooked and eaten on holidays.

TRADITION

 

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The choice of dishes has been influenced by the climate, history and __________________ position of the country.

GEOGRAPHY

 

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England is __________________ for its butter and cheese. The most popular of them is, of course, cheddar.

FAME

 

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Scotland is known for its __________________ meat dishes and cakes. Wales has a strong fishing culture. As a result, Welsh cookery includes a lot of seafood, such as shrimps and crabs.

TASTE

 

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However, nowadays most British restaurants offer food from __________________ parts of the world.

DIFFER

 

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The choice depends only on your pocketbook and your __________________.

IMAGINE

 



(2) 1

I was sixteen and she was four years __________________ than me.

YOUNG

 

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But we had a lot in common and enjoyed chatting on __________________ way to school.

WE

 

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Every morning Kitty knocked on my door and I had to be ready by that time  she __________________ waiting for me.

NOT/LIKE

 

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One day she didn’t knock. When I caught up with her at the bus stop, she __________________ a magazine and didn’t even look at me.

READ

 

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I __________________ understand what was going on.

NOT/CAN

 

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“Hey, Kitty, what’s wrong? Why aren’t you talking to __________________?”

I

 

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“You yourself know why,” Kitty said angrily.

“No, I don’t. I wouldn’t ask you if I __________________.”

“You went to the cinema with Lisa Parker yesterday,” Kitty was almost crying.

KNOW

 

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I felt puzzled and didn’t know what to say. The two __________________ at the bus stop looked amused at our conversation and didn’t hide their smiles. 

WOMAN

 

2 (2)

How do people learn the news? About a century ago people got __________________ from newspapers since they were the only mass media that existed in those times.

INFORM

 

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Radio and television seemed __________________ inventions as they broadcasted audio and visual images.

WONDER

 

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The Internet has changed the situation dramatically.  Now the audience has an opportunity to create the news, share their________________ knowledge and express their opinions.

PERSON

 

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The Internet supposes interaction, which makes it very __________________ to people.

ATTRACT

 

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And what about the newspapers? Will they __________________ in the near future?

APPEAR

 

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I wish they wouldn’t as I like starting my day with a cup of coffee and a __________________ newspaper.

TRADITION


3 (2)

The phone woke Kim up. She answered the call almost immediately, after the__________________ beep.

 

THREE

 

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The voice on the other end of the line sounded familiar but Kim __________________ remember who it belonged to.

NOT/CAN

 

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“Hello,” the lady said. “Can I speak to Mrs. Len?”

“I’m sorry but she’s not at home. She’s out. She __________________ in the park.”

WALK

 

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It was very cold out-of-doors and everything __________________ in snow but Kim’s mother walked in all weathers.

COVER

 

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She believed that it __________________ her keep fit and gave her extra energy.

HELP

 

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She actually looked younger than other __________________ of her age and that was probably because of her walking.

WOMAN

 

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“Can I take a message?” Kim asked politely.

“No. I __________________ her later. When is she going to be back?”

CALL

 

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“She normally __________________ home at five.”

“Fine,” came the answer and the phone went dead.

COME

 

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Kim felt a bit hurt. “It’s not polite to break off a conversation like that,” she thought to herself. If I __________________ older, I would explain to that lady how to talk to people politely.” 

BE





Cindy liked parks. She took long walks in the nearby park almost every day. Her classmates, however, __________________ her interest and Cindy usually walked alone.

NOT/SHARE

 

 

Cindy’s parents worried that she __________________ no friends.

HAVE

 

 

“I wish you __________________ more time with your classmates. Don’t you feel bored in the park?”

SPEND

 

 

“It’s ok, Mum, I just feel much __________________ alone than with people who can’t understand me,” Cindy usually answered. “Parks are a lot more fun to spend time in than hanging out in a shopping centre.” And her mother didn’t  know what to say.

GOOD

 

 

One day, Cindy returned from the park very excited. 

“Guess, who I met in the park!” she said, and she told her parents the whole story. “I __________________ along the central avenue when I saw a group of people. 

WALK

 

 

They __________________ students of the Biology faculty of the university. 

BE

 

 

They told __________________ about the plan to rearrange the park.

I

 

 

A large lake is going to be made in the centre. There will be wild animals there like hares, squirrels and even __________________.

FOX

 

 

Yesterday, the plan __________________ by the City Council and work starts tomorrow.  I want to join the volunteer team!”

APPROVE




Tom woke up relatively early. But he __________________ at once that he was not the first awake. There was somebody in the kitchen already.

UNDERSTAND

 

 

Tom went out to inspect, and found that his dad was there  he __________________ vegetables.

CUT

 

 

It was rather strange  everyone knew that dad __________________ cooking.

NOT/LIKE

 

 

 “I wish I __________________ what you are doing,” he said.

KNOW

 

 

Dad gave __________________ a smile and answered “Wait and see.”

HE

 

 

He pulled out a juicing machine from the cupboard. Nobody had used it for ages and the machine __________________ with a thin layer of dust. Tom’s dad washed it and turned it on.

COVER

 

 

Then he put a handful of carrots inside. Next he added cucumbers and __________________.

TOMATO

 

 

Dad made three large cups of the stuff. He took one and drank it. He handed the __________________ cup to Tom. To his surprise the juice tasted really good.

TWO

 

 

“You don’t eat enough vegetables,” his dad said. “If you don’t like eating them, you’ll probably like drinking them.” Tom nodded. It was definitely __________________ than the stewed vegetables his mum cooked almost every day.

GOOD



Most people love jokes. A good joke can break the ice and make the conversation enjoyable.

My friend’s hobby is collecting jokes. When he __________________ a good joke, he writes it down on a special card.

HEAR

 

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The cards __________________ in a box in his room.

KEEP

 

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When I visit __________________, I never miss a chance to read a joke from his collection.

Yesterday’s joke was about famous detectives. Here it is.

HE

 

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One day Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson went camping. They put up a tent, made a fire and had a good dinner of meat and __________________.

POTATO

 

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That night, Holmes __________________ up and asked: "Watson, look up and tell me what you see."

WAKE

 

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Watson said that he __________________ millions of stars. "And what does it tell you?" Holmes went on his interrogation.

SEE

 

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"Well, if we apply our deductive method, we’ll come to several conclusions. Astronomically, there are billions of planets. My__________________ conclusion is astrological  I observe Saturn in Leo.

TWO

 

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And, meteorologically, it’ll be a beautiful day tomorrow. I wish we__________________ this kind of weather more often in this country. And what does the sky tell you, Holmes?"

HAVE

 

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Holmes was silent for a moment and then said, "Someone __________________ our tent!"

STEAL



Once there were four children whose names were Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy. This story happened to __________________ when they had to leave their home city, London, during the war.

THEY

 

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They __________________ to the house of an old Professor who lived in the country, ten miles from the nearest railway station.

SEND

 

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He __________________ a wife and he lived in a very large house with a housekeeper.

NOT/HAVE

 

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He himself was a very old man with white hair which grew over most of his face as well as on his head. The children liked him almost at once. Only Lucy, who was the __________________ of them, felt a little afraid of him.

YOUNG

 

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On their __________________ evening, after dinner, they said good night to the Professor and went upstairs. It was the largest house they had ever seen, so Peter suggested exploring it in the morning.

ONE

 

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When the next morning came, there was a steady rain falling.

"I wish the weather __________________ more cheerful!" said Edmund.

BE

 

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"Stop complaining, Ed," said Susan. "I think the weather __________________ soon."

IMPROVE

 

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"We were going to explore the house," Peter reminded them. He __________________ a sandwich at the moment and was absolutely happy with the whole situation.

EAT

 

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Everyone nodded and at that point their amazing adventures __________________.

BEGIN




On their __________________ evening, after dinner, they said good night to the Professor and went upstairs. It was the largest house they had ever seen, so Peter suggested exploring it in the morning.

ONE

 

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When the next morning came, there was a steady rain falling.

"I wish the weather __________________ more cheerful!" said Edmund.

BE

 

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"Stop complaining, Ed," said Susan. "I think the weather __________________ soon."

IMPROVE

 

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"We were going to explore the house," Peter reminded them. He __________________ a sandwich at the moment and was absolutely happy with the whole situation.

EAT

 

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Everyone nodded and at that point their amazing adventures __________________.

BEGIN

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Last year my friend Mia and I went on holiday to Thailand. We stayed in a __________________ resort which is popular with tourists.

FAME

 

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We were very __________________ with the weather and we spent most of our days on the beach.

LUCK

 

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The ocean was __________________  the water was clear and warm.

FANTASY

 

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Thailand is a former French colony and that’s why French is very popular there. Mia was delighted with this fact because she learns French, she wants to be a __________________ of French, and she was able to practise the language there. She is also interested in architecture and she found some fine examples of the French colonial style in Thailand.

TEACH

 

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It was an __________________ trip for me too. I am a photographer and I took lots of pictures of people and nature.

FORGETTABLE

 

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Several magazines found my photos __________________ enough to publish. I feel very proud of that.



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Most people consider their pets to be a family member. It’s really difficult for them to leave their cats, dogs, parrots and hamsters when they have to go somewhere on business or for a holiday. If you are a caring pet owner, you want to be sure that your pet is safe and happy while you are away. We would be happy to help you. Our hotel is designed for your pet’s health, safety and comfort.

We offer overnight accommodations for cats and dogs and a wide range of hotel services and activities. Most small pets like hamsters, birds, rats, etc. are accepted too. Exotic pets are accepted with the approval of hotel administration.

All suites are spacious and are made from hygienic glass and plastic. There’s a dog park so that the pets can play and exercise. The hotel is cleaned and sanitized daily to destroy germs, viruses and bacteria, making it a clean environment for your pets. Veterinary care is available round-the clock. The hotel invests in training and development for staff in order to provide the best pet care available.

For your pets' conviences and safety the following rules should be observed:

1) Every pet must be vaccinated no less than ten  days before checking-in.

2) Your pet's safety is important, therefore, all pets entering the hotel must be on a lead or in a carrier until they are in the control of a Pet Attendant. The hotel provides identification collars upon arrival, therefore, all carriers, leads and collars will be returned to owner upon check-in.

3) We feed quality food but if your pet has a special diet, we will feed your own food. It should be pre packaged, with your pets' name on each package.

4) Your dogs will spend much of their time playing. As a result they will become dirty. To ensure hygienic conditions in the hotel all dogs who stay for 3 days or more will receive a bath at an additional cost of 5.00

 

If the pet gets ill, the owner will have to pay for veterinarian care.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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Only dog owners can leave their pets in the hotel.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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The pets can have a bath if needed.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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All the pets are fed only hotel food.

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

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Throughout history, cats have been at the centre of numerous superstitions regarding good and bad luck, weather, and health and other human issues. It was believed that cats could communicate with the souls of dead people and animals and had supernatural abilities. Interestingly, different countries have cat superstitions which can be similar or contradict each other.

For instance, having a black cat cross one’s path is considered bad luck in America and various European countries. However, in Scotland, people believe that a black kitten on the porch means future happiness and riches. In Latvia, a legend says that black cat contains the spirit of a harvest god, and seeing a black cat on the farm is considered a very good sign indeed.

Myths involving cats and the safety of boats at sea are also quite common. In certain fishing communities, the wives of fisherman will keep cats indoors, as this is believed to protect their men from danger at sea. Also, sailors once thought that throwing a cat overboard would cause their ship to sink in a storm.

Ancient Egyptians believed that cats caught the last rays of the setting sun in their eyes, and they were responsible for keeping the light safe until the sun reappeared once again the following morning. Cats were not allowed to be killed for this reason. The Persians took advantage of this superstition and when they went to attack Egypt, they tied cats to their shields knowing that the Egyptians wouldn’t fight the intruders because they didn’t want to injure or kill any of the cats.

According to the Chinese legend, cats were chosen by the gods to rule the world. However, they were too lazy to do the job and delegated it to people. But they are always somewhere around and silently control us. They also can protect us from evil if needed.

 

The Chinese believe that in the past cats were able to talk to people.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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The Egyptians and the Persians had different attitudes towards cats.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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People all over the world consider a black cat a bad sign.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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Sailors sometimes threw cats into the sea to stop the storm.



Sports in Australia are very popular. In many ways Australia seems to be the sports and outdoor activity capital of the world. There’s a wide range of climates on the continent, so a wide range of sports activities is available throughout the year.

Surfing is the obvious sport associated with Australia, and if you are brave enough, you can enjoy this sport all year around. Swimming is very popular, too. Australians and tourists enjoy swimming both in swimming pools, and, of course, at a large number of Australia's beaches. Other popular sports include walking, jogging, cycling and much more. It may sound surprising but Australia also offers skiing, cross-country skiing and snowboarding. The snow in Australia is real and ski resorts are popular.

Getting back to surfing, it’s important to remember that anyone who wants to get into it should follow the safety rules. Surfing is a high risk sport, and sharks are not actually the main danger. Sharks are a common feature of Australian waters but fatal attacks are rare.  Rips put inexperienced surfers at much greater risk. They are the cause of most tragedies at beaches.

A rip, or a rip current, is a strong current running out to sea. It forms not far from the shore. It’s difficult to notice when a rip comes. It drags everything from the beach to sea. Rips are very dangerous as they can carry a weak or tired swimmer out into deep water.

To avoid or survive rip currents, surfers and swimmers should use only lifeguide protected beaches. They should never swim or surf alone. They should never enter the surf in places where swimming is prohibited. Sport is a great way to escape the stress of modern day living, but it can cause trouble if people are careless.

 

A rip is a dangerous fish that lives in Australians waters.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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The most surfers’ deaths and injuries are caused by sharks.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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Winter sports are popular in Australia too.

  

 1) 

True

  

 2) 

False

  

 3) 

Not stated

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All the beaches in Australia have protection against sharks.

  

 1) 

True

  

 

 

  

 

 

Light from the Past

When you stand and look at the stars, you are really looking at past history. The light from Alkaid, the end star in the handle of the Big Dipper, has taken about 210 years to ______ your eyes. If Alkaid stopped
______ today, people on earth would still see it ______ about 210 years. Some of the stars you see here tonight may have stopped existing several thousand years ago. The light from some ______ stars right now will not be seen on earth until thousands, or even millions, of years from now!

It’s ______ breathtaking, and it ______ to the great mystery about the nature of light. Think about water waves. They get smaller and smaller in amplitude as they travel. Their energy is lost in friction among the water molecules. Think of sound waves in air. They too get weaker and weaker because of friction among the air molecules.

But light waves stop only if they strike something, and their energy is transferred ______ another form. ______, they can go on and on, at the same terrific speed, with no loss of energy, forever!

1. A) approach; Б) reach; В) hit; Г) achieve

2. A) burning; Б) flashing; В) blushing; Г) shining

3. A) after; Б) through; В) for; Г) at

4. A) farewell; Б) faraway; В) far; Г) fair

5. A) quit; Б) quick; В) quiet; Г) quite

6. A) enlarges; Б) increases; В) adds; Г) multiplies

7. A) into; Б) onto; В) for; Г) at

8. A) although; Б) otherwise; В) whatever; Г) either




 

'It's Only Me'

After her husband had gone to work, Mrs Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to do any
______ that morning, because in the evening she would be going to a fancy dress party with her husband. She intended to dress up as a ghost and she had ______ her costume the night before. Now she was ______ to try it on. Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective. Mrs Richards put it ______, looked in the mirror, smiled and went downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be ______ to wear.

Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dining-room, there was a  ______ on the front door. She knew that it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table. Not wanting to ______ the poor man, Mrs Richards quickly hid in the small store-room under the stairs. She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the store-room was opened and a man entered. Mrs Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the meter. She tried to ______ the situation, saying 'It's only me', but it was too late. The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs Richards walked towards him, he ran away, slamming the door behind him.

1. А) homework; Б) household; В) housework; Г) housewife

2. А) did; Б) made; В) built; Г) created

3. А) nervous; Б) restless; В) ill at ease; Г) impatient

4. А) up; Б) on; В) over; Г) down

5. А) attractive; Б) exciting; В) comfortable; Г) cozy

6. А) knock; Б) kick; В) hit; Г) crash

7. А) fear; Б) worry; В) disturb; Г) frighten

8. А) describe; Б) explain; В) interpret; Г) clear


The First Day at School

Do you remember your first day at school? It was probably ____ confusing. Now, to ____ this confusion, many primary schools in England have a special teacher who welcomes new pupils. She is ____ a reception class teacher. The children are ____ with the idea of school and if they have been good, they can’t understand why they have to go to school. They imagine that school is optional. When the child goes to school on his first day and watches his mother leaving he thinks that she is deserting him. The teacher must ____ him that at the end of the day his mother will be back and take him home. The children are not the only people that are disturbed by going to school. The teacher sometimes has as much difficulty in ____ with the mothers. They hang around and dislike leaving the child without their protection.

The best way to ____ with the situation is to get the child used to the idea of school. Before the beginning of term, the mother should take her child to see the teacher and to look ____ the school. The first day should be something to emphasize the regularity of school.

1. А) enough; Б) rarely; В) rather; Г) equally

2. A) escape; Б) defeat; В) beat; Г) avoid

3. A) named; Б) called; В) said; Г) told

4. A) afraid; Б) threatened; В) endangered; Г) risked

5. A) convince; Б) prove; В) explain; Г) announce

6. A) managing; Б) guiding; В) coping; Г) handling

7. A) face; Б) deal; В) touch; Г) consider

8. A) through; Б) about; В) after; Г) round


Searching for a New Programme

A healthy lifestyle can vastly improve your well-being. This is a lifestyle designed for those who wish to feel more certain about their health and more in control of what the present and future will bring them in that important ______ of existence. None of us wants to be sick. None of us enjoys the idea that we may become a medical statistic. This is a simple, easy-to-follow health-style that can enable you to get cards very much in your ______. The doctors were fortunate enough to come into ______ with a field of study that brought them to healing and well-being that they so desperately needed. They personally have ______ thousands of people improve their health using only a small part of information. Many more people begin to improve their health now. Embracing the most current information from many health-related fields, the programme of healthy lifestyle gives you an understanding of the impact of exercise, breathing, sunshine, sleep and much more on your health. In order for this programme to work for you, you have to be willing to apply at least some part of it. Some change will be ______. And as you make those first modest changes, you will get positive results that encourage you to do more. Changing is fun. And if you realize that your new healthy lifestyle ______ the making of new habits, not the ______ of old ones, you will feel very positive about what the future holds for you.

1. А) sector Б) region В) area Г) territory

2. А) benefit Б) advantage В) privilege Г) favour

3. А) touch Б) contact В) view Г) connection

4. А) confessed Б) witnessed В) determined Г) recognized

5. А) ordered Б) commanded В) forced Г) required

6. А) contains Б) consists В) involves Г) encloses

7. А) breaking Б) damaging В) ruining Г) destroying


Alaska

The first Europeans to visit what is now called Alaska were Russian sailors led by Captain Bering. The ______ was funded by Russian czar Peter the Great. In 1728 Bering and his crew ______ through the strait that is now named after him, between the easternmost part of Asia and the westernmost part of the Americas. Their journey ______ that Asia was not connected to North America; however, due to the heavy fog, they never actually saw the nearby land of North America. In 1741 Bering headed further south, landing on tiny Kayak Island off the ______ of what is now the southeastern part of the state.

In the 1780s and 1790s Russians began small colonies, first on Kodiak Island and later on the mainland. In 1799 the Russian-American Company was established to ______ Russian interests. For the next 68 years the company provided the only form of government for the European colonists, ______ never numbered more than a few hundred. The Russians ruled the ______ until the late 1860s, when they sold it to the United States for $7.2 million dollars.

The ______ of gold in 1896 in the Yukon Territory started a huge gold rush that brought thousands of settlers.

1. A) travel; Б) trip; В) journey; Г) expedition

2. A) paddled; Б) sailed; В) travelled; Г) rowed

3. A) proved; Б) convinced; В) persuaded; Г) appeared

4. A) bank; Б) beach; В) shore; Г) sea-side

5. A) look after; Б) look at; В) look for; Г) look away

6. A) which; Б) whose; В) what; Г) who

7. A) country; Б) area; В) ground; Г) earth

8. A) discovery; Б) detection; В) exploration; Г) innovation


A hobby is an activity you enjoy doing, it is something of your choice, something unique to your taste and talent. A hobby can improve our well-being; it can give more meaning to our life. Just as physical exercise is important for the body, relaxation of the mind is also essential. In fact, studies reveal that people who cultivate themselves through such activities are less likely to suffer from anxieties, depression and other negative feelings. A hobby is the easiest way to restore your balance whenever you are over-worked or stressed. Since it is an activity of your choosing, it will always give you pleasure and help you to relax. Even if you indulge in your hobby for a short period of time, you still can feel the difference in your energy level and spirit. When you have a hobby, you will always find time for it.


"There aren’t enough hours in the day," complained Sarah. She was late to work again, and traffic was a nightmare. She had a long list of things to get accomplished for the day, but she knew she was going to have a hard time getting everything done.

Sitting behind Sarah was her two-year-old son, Jacob, strapped into a car seat. Even though she had left her apartment fifteen minutes earlier than she normally did, Sarah was late getting to both her son’s daycare and her job.

She had so many things to do! First, she had to drop her son off at daycare. Then she needed to go to work. After work she had to see a doctor. Then she had to do some errands later that evening.

Most important on her list of things to do was a visit to the doctor. Sarah is pregnant. She needed to see her obstetrician after work for a routine checkup. Pregnant women need to go to the doctor regularly as their babies develop. She had an ultrasound planned, and she needed to ask her doctor a few questions.

She also needed to do some shopping. She had to buy a maternity outfit because she was getting noticeably larger. Then she wanted to stop off at the grocery store. She wasn’t able to go to the grocery store over the weekend. She needed to buy some basic things such as milk, eggs, bread, and some meat. Sarah likes shopping when there are few people at the store, so she was planning on going later in the evening.

Where does such a busy person find the time to do anything besides work and take care of family obligations? There are only so many hours in a day!

Note: Two expressions in this reading exercise mean that there is a limited amount of time:

  • There aren’t enough hours in the day.
  • There are only so many hours in a day.

These popular expressions mean about the same thing: We don’t have enough time.


Comp

Directions: Complete each sentence with the correct verb.

Example: He’s much stronger than I ______. (the answer is “am”)

1. Donna knows more about science than I __________.

2. You finished your work faster than he __________.

3. She can play the piano better than you __________.

4. I’ve had more experience than she __________.

5. This costs more than the other one __________.

6. We liked the pizza more than they __________.

7. We ate more pizza than they __________.

8. Michael hasn’t been as cooperative as David __________.

9. I’m much faster at this than you __________.

10. This doesn’t work as well as that one __________.

11. You know more people at this party than I __________.

12. She doesn’t work as many hours as he __________.

13. He’s not as fast as she ________

14. This is worse than that one __________.

15. He’s seen many more movies than you __________.

16. His car wasn’t as expensive as hers __________.

17. This won’t take as long as the other one __________.

18. I can hold my breath longer than you __________.

19. These flowers lasted longer than those other ones __________.

20. Teresa doesn’t do it as well as you __________.



B

Example: He’s much stronger than ______. (the answer is “me”)

1. Donna knows more about science than __________.

2. You finished your work faster than __________.

3. She can play the piano better than __________.

4. I’ve had more experience than __________.

5. This costs more than the other __________.

6. We liked the pizza more than __________.

7. We ate more pizza than __________.

8. Michael hasn’t been as cooperative as __________.

9. I’m much faster at this than __________.

10. This doesn’t work as well as that __________.

11. You know more people at this party than __________.

12. She doesn’t work as many hours as __________.

13. He’s not as fast as __________.

14. This is worse than that __________.

15. He’s seen many more movies than __________.

16. His car wasn’t as expensive as _________.

17. This won’t take as long as the other __________.

18. I can hold my breath longer than __________.

19. These flowers lasted longer than those other __________.

20. Teresa doesn’t do it as well as __________.


Be able 

A

1. She _______ ________ _______ ________ her doctor yesterday. (see)

2. My friends _________ _________ _________ _________ me at the coffee shop. (meet)

3. Bob ________ ________ _________ _________ the door to his apartment. (open — negative)

4. The mountain climbers ________ ________ ________ ________ the top of the mountain. (reach)

5. We _________ _________ _________ _________ our car out of a snow-covered ditch. (get — negative)

6. The volunteers ________ ________ _______ ________ food to the people who needed it. (bring))

7. I’m sorry I _______ ________ _______ ________ you. (help — negative)
8. The doctors _________ ________ _________ __________ the man who had a heart attack. He died. (save — negative)

9. You ________ ________ ________ _________ your dinner. (finish — negative)

10. The rabbit ________ finally ________ ________ _________ from the trap. (escape)

 B

 1. _________ you ________ ________ ________ after the operation? (eat)

2. _________ he________ ________ ________ his car? (start)

3. _________ they _________ _________ _________ the game? (see)

4. _________ you _________ _________ _________ to your teacher? (talk)

5. A: Why _________ they ________ ________ ________ Canada? (enter — negative)

 B: They didn’t have passports.

6 . _________ she ________ ________ ________ a gas station? (find)

7. How ________ you ________ _________ _________ under water for such a long time? (stay)

8. _________ the employees ________ _________ ________ any days off? (take — negative)

9. How many students ________ ________ _________ _________ the test? (complete)

10. Why __________ she _________ _________ __________ her car in that parking space? (park — negative)


Keep

1. They ___________ all of their money in the bank. (present tense)

2. Where __________ you __________ your money? (present tense)

3. Joe __________ talking when the teacher told him to stop, so he got in trouble. (past tense)

4. Why __________ Elena ____________ her bread in the refrigerator? (present tense)

5. The noise next door _________ ___________ me awake. (present continuous tense)

6. Drinking all that coffee __________ probably ___________ him awake. (future tense)

7. We __________ _____________ food in our tents when we go camping because of the bears. (present tense — negative)

8. How long __________ you ____________ your tax reports? (present tense)

9. _____________ warm in the winter is easier if you wear a sweater. (gerund)

10. An extra set of keys to her house ________ ___________ inside that drawer. (present tense, passive voice)

11. She ___________ ____________ any of the letters that he sent to her. (past tense — negative)

12. How long ____________ he _______________ his motorcycle in his garage? (present perfect tense)

13. Why ____________ they ____________ in contact with each other? (present perfect tense — negative)

14. He says he ________ ________ _________ ___________ calling them until they answer the phone. (“going to” future tense)

15. I __________ __________ ________ ___________ my snake in my dorm room. (be able to — past)

16. Mark _____________ a gun under his mattress. (present tense)

17. The company needs ________ ___________ track of its spending. (infinitive)

18. Her diamond necklaces __________ ___________ under lock and key. (present tense, passive voice)

19. The milk __________ ___________ cold enough, so they threw it out. (past tense, passive voice — negative)

20. Don’t move! ____________ your hands where I can see them! (imperative form)


Tell

1. What __________ he __________ you? (past tense)

2. How __________ you ____________ the difference between the twin girls? (present tense)

3. She __________ _____________ everyone about her new job. (present continuous tense)

4. _____________ the time in English is an important thing to learn. (gerund)

5. I’m sorry ________ ___________ you this, but I have to quit my job. (infinitive)

6. What __________ your body ___________ you about your smoking? (present continuous tense)

7. __________ I ___________ you a secret? (can)

8. Henry ___________ ____________ his coworkers a lot of lies about his past. (present perfect tense)

9. Your supervisor __________ ___________ you what to do. (future tense)

10. Veronica ___________ ___________ ____________ everyone that she’s engaged. (present perfect continuous tense)

11. The employees ___________ ____________ to go home early today. (past tense, passive voice)

12. Before he was fired, Nelson __________ __________ __________ several times not to show up late for work. (past perfect tense, passive voice)

13. Everyone __________ ____________ that he likes her. (can)

14. The students ___________ __________ ___________ to enter the room quietly. (present continuous tense, passive voice)

15. Luke __________ ____________ his wife about the fight he got into at work. (past tense — negative)

16. This watch __________ __________ time very well. (present tense — negative)

17. __________ you ___________ your brother what happened to his guitar? (present perfect tense)

18. Your teacher ___________ me that you did very well on your last test. (past tense)

19. Please, ___________ us the truth. (imperative form)


 Know

1. He ___________ a lot of people in his class. (present tense)

2. She __________ ___________ about today’s test. (past tense — negative)

3. How long __________ you ___________ about this problem? (present perfect tense)

4. When __________ I ___________ the results of the blood test? (future tense)

5. They __________ ____________ their neighbors very well. (present tense — negative)

6. Farhiyo _____________ the teacher was going to call on her, so she was ready with an answer. (past tense)

7. All the facts related to the accident ___________ ___________ yet. (present tense, passive voice — negative)

8. How much __________ he ____________ about fixing a leaky faucet? (present tense)

9. She wants _________________ how much the furniture is going to cost. (infinitive)

10. _________________ how to play the piano gives Mindy a tremendous amount of self-confidence. (gerund)

11. I’m not very familiar with Iceland. What __________ it ____________ for? (present tense, passive voice)

12. If I __________ ___________ how long it would take to get there by car, I would have flown instead. (past perfect tense)

13. __________ you ____________ that the meeting was cancelled? (past tense — negative)

14. The salesperson over there __________ __________ which cell phone is better. (might)

15. My wife and I ___________ ____________ if we’re going to have a boy or a girl after we visit the doctor today. (should)

16. Brian __________ __________ __________ the answers to the questions on the test, but he didn’t. (should — past)

17. When _________ we ___________ __________ ____________ the verdict in the trial? (“going to” future tense)

18. Mr. Torkelson ___________ ___________ ___________ to have a bad temper. (present perfect tense, passive voice)

19. You _________ __________ _________ ___________ English to work in a restaurant. (have to, present tense — negative)

20. Our neighbor, Jim, ____________ _____________ how to keep the rabbits out of his garden. (present tense — negative)

 

https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-england-lincolnshire-45603820

 

hedgehogs


Do you like to fly? These days air travel is a very common means of transportation. It’s fast and it’s usually reliable, but not everyone likes to fly on an airplane. Why is that?

Let’s first consider that there are many good reasons for flying. It’s fast and sometimes it costs less than traveling by car, or it’s the only real option for getting from point A to point B.

However, changes to the airline industry over the last decade or so have made air travel a less desirable form of transportation. In addition to that, many more people can afford the price of a ticket for themselves and their families, so an increase in ridership has also increased the problems that are currently being reported

One of the biggest things to dislike about flying is airline security.  Although good security is necessary these days, it has resulted in long lines at airports. Travelers with flights to catch often have to arrive at the airport one to two hours early in order to pass through the check-in areas. In the United States, TSA (Transportation Security Administration) carefully checks luggage and screens passengers before they are allowed to go to their gates for departure, but this takes a lot of time, and sometimes people miss their flights because of lengthy screening procedures.

After you have arrived at the gate, there is a waiting period to board the airplane. Prior to boarding, some unlucky passengers might learn that they have been bumped off the flight.  A passenger is bumped because planes are often booked to capacity, or they are overbooked. That means there are not enough seats on the plane for everyone. Bumped passengers might receive free air travel or a reduced rate for travel on another fight to compensate for their loss, but it’s still an inconvenient situation.

Weather delays also cause problems. If the weather is bad at either the point of departure or arrival, a delay can mean an additional waiting period of hours, but in some situations that involve severe weather, it means that a flight must be rescheduled for the next day or the day after that.

Once on the plane, passengers who don’t have the luxury of flying first class find themselves uncomfortably wedged into small seating areas. Fellow passengers are sometimes rude, or their personal hygiene makes for an unpleasant seating arrangement. Spending four hours sitting next to someone who really needs to take a bath can be unbearable. Then there are those people who never stop talking, or they invade the personal space of the people sitting next to them. Others are just plain mean or obnoxious.

Compared to the problems faced by a majority of people around the world, the discomfort or hassle of traveling by plane could seem trivial. This is what we call a "first-world problem." Furthermore, according to the statistics, it’s much safer to travel by plane than it is to travel by car or by train. However, the complaints typically heard these days about the airlines are causing some travelers to reconsider their method of transportation, perhaps choosing to drive if possible.

So, what do you think? Despite all these problems and hassles, do you like to fly?

(Personally, I always wonder how something so heavy and loaded with so many people manages to even get off the ground. )


A "preference" is something that you like more than another thing.

 

1. What kinds of food do you like? What kinds of food do you dislike? Is there any kind of food that you really hate to eat?

 

 

2. What are your favorite forms of entertainment? (movies, TV, radio, music, reading) Describe your favorite programs, music, movies, etc.

 

 

 3. What kinds of clothes do you prefer to wear? Describe the things you wear at home or what you wear when you want to feel comfortable–not work clothes.

 

 

 4. What is your favorite color? Is there a reason it’s your favorite? Also, do you have a lucky number? What is it?

 

 

5. What is your favorite season? Why do you like it more than the other seasons?

 

 6. What are the things that you like to do the most? Describe these activities.

 

 

 

Family

1. How many people are there in your family? Who are they? Where do they live?

 

 

2. Who supports your family? Who is the main breadwinner? What kind of work does that person (or people) do?

 

 

3. What are some traditions that your family follows? Are there any special holidays that everyone gets together for and celebrates?

 

 

 

4. How does your family make ends meet? (make ends meet: produce income, save money, and spend money on essential things)

 

 

 

5. Who’s responsible for raising children in your culture? What does the father do? What does the mother do?

 

 6. How are families in your country different from families in the United States? Consider numbers of children, who lives in the home, who’s the head of the household, roles and responsibilities within the family, etc


Health Care

1. What are some things that you do to take care of yourself? Consider diet and exercise.


 2. Have you ever had to go to the hospital? Why did you go there? (If the reason is too personal, it’s not necessary to explain why you went to the hospital).

 

 3. What makes a good doctor or nurse? Describe the qualities of a good health care worker.

 

 4. In the country that you come from, do people rely on traditional or modern medicine, or is it a combination of both? How is medical treatment in your home country different from medical treatment in the United States?

 

 5. Would you ever like to work in a hospital or a clinic? What are some of the advantages or disadvantages of working in a place where people go to get medical care?

 

 6. What are some things that people can do if they can’t afford to pay for professional medical care?



Eating

1. What do you usually eat for breakfast? Do you make it for yourself, or does someone make it for you?

 

2. What do you usually eat for lunch or dinner? At what time do you usually eat lunch or dinner?

 

3. What was your favorite thing to eat when you were a child? What did you hate to eat when you were a child?

 

 4. What do you avoid eating now because it’s bad for you? What kind of food do you dislike?

 

5. What are some customs that people follow in your country while they eat? For example, are there any special dining arrangements that are based on age, gender, or position within the family?

 

6. In the country that you come from, what do people do after they eat? What do women do? What do men do? What do children do? (For example: clean up, watch TV, talk, smoke, go for a walk, etc.)

 

7. What is the most unusual thing that people eat in the country that you come from?



Creativity

1. What does it mean to be creative or inventive? Describe an example of creativity.

 

 2. What is the most creative thing you have done all week?

 

 3. Why is creativity an important quality for people who go into business?

 

 4. Name some professions that rely on creative people:

 

 5. Who is the most creative person that you know? Describe him or her.

 

 6. If you had the time, what are some creative activities that you would like to participate in?



Grammar

Who discovered radioactivity?

Marie Curie’s discovery of two naturally radioactive elements, polonium and radium, made headline news. However, her real discovery was that atoms _________NOT BE_________ small solid balls and that there must be even _________SMALL_________ particles inside them. This discovery opened the door to all atomic and subatomic research and even to the splitting of the atom.
Curie carried out her research with radioactive elements before the dangers of radioactivity ________UNDERSTAND__________. She suffered from radiation sickness for most of her adult life. Indeed, for many years after her death, her notebooks were still highly radioactive.

 

 

Конец формы

 

 

 

 

 

Star pilot

 My four-year-old brother Kevin wanted to become a pilot. But one dark night he watched a plane ________MOVE__________ across a clear sky.
As it disappeared, he heaved a relieved sigh and said, “Whew! I’m not going to be a pilot!” ________SURPRISE__________, Mom asked, “Why not?
“Do you realize,” Kevin replied wisely, “how hard it would be to steer around all _________THAT_________stars?”

 

Does the plan work?

Brad was a student in my after-school tutoring session. He was working ________LITTLE__________ than diligently.

“Brad,” I said, “I talked to your mom, and she wants you to stay for the full hour, so you may as well get something done.” “She wants you to keep me every day for an hour?” he complained. “She wants you to learn it’s ________EASY__________ to work during regular class hours than to give up after-school time.” Brad seemed to agree.

“So,” I continued, “why not get your work done now so you can bring your marks up and get your mom off your back?” “No!” he replied in horror. “If I __________GET________ good marks now, she'll think this plan is working, and she'll keep me in here until June!”

Russian rivers

Do you know Russian rivers? Do you know what the ________LONG__________ river in Russia is? It is the Volga River.
This river is a great source of hydroelectric power. The water from the river ________USE__________ for irrigation.
Canals link the Volga River to the Baltic and White Seas. The Volga ________FREEZE__________ for most of its length for three months each year.

 

New Zealand: geography

New Zealand consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the Antarctic. New Zealand ________LOCATE__________ about 2,012 km southeast of Australia.
The two main islands are the North Island and the South Island, ________SEPARATE__________ by Cook Strait. The North Island is 829 km long and volcanic in its south-central part.
South Island has the Southern Alps along its west coast, with Mount Cook being the ________HIGH__________ point. Other inhabited islands include Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and Great Barrier Island.

Global warming

In northern Québec and Labrador, temperatures ________RISE__________ two degrees Celsius since the mid-1990s. That rise has helped more trees grow in the area which was previously too cold for trees.
And the more trees that grow, the ________WARM__________ the region becomes.
 “The cold landscape that we are accustomed to in northern Canada _________BE_________ a thing of the past soon,” specialists predict.

Kite fighting

 Have you ever heard of kite fighting? Kite fighting is a highly competitive sport traditionally ________PLAY__________ in India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Thailand, and South America.
Each player hopes to get his or her kite to fly _________HIGH_________. The players try to cut their opponents’ kite strings with sharp objects imbedded in their kites.
________START__________ in the late 1990s, kite fighting gained popularity in the USA and is now practiced throughout the country, with an annual championship competition held in Washington state.

In thick fog

It was a foggy night. In a very thick fog, a ship ________SAIL__________ very slowly. Suddenly lights appeared forward on a collision course. The Captain shouted through the mouthpiece: “Get out of my way! I am the carrier ‘Manchester’! My displacement is 30,000 tons!”
A voice _______COME___________ through the fog in reply:
 “You _________WELL_________ turn away yourself. I’m the light house!”

The purpose of education

A famous professor greeted the first year undergraduates at the beginning of the academic year. He _________TELL_________ them in his opening remarks:
“Nothing you learn here at the university will be of slightest use to you _________LATE_________, but one thing.
If you work hard, if you train your brain, you should be able to understand when a man ________TALK__________ nonsense. And that, in my view, is the main, if not the sole, purpose of education.”

Exotic pets

 There is no exact definition for “exotic” pets. This term usually refers to any animal that ________NOT BE__________ domesticated yet.
Many people keep bears as pets. For example, Ivan the Terrible kept two bears in his palace. They _________GIVE_________ to him by the boyars.
Perhaps the ________EARLY__________ ruler in history with a soft spot for bears was Ptolemy II, king of Egypt. He was fond of a “white bear” kept in his private collection.



https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-england-nottinghamshire-56846739  

            F fighters in the UK ( unusual   f fighters )



Get – to form the passive voice ( listening)

1. Bob ________ ________ from his job.

2. The new stadium ______ ________ ________ at the old location.

3. The goats _______ _________ fed.

4. Maria _______ ________ _________ enough.

5. John and Vanessa ______ _________ last year.

6. We _______ ________ _______ by the car dealer.

7. Their work ________ ________ __________ in time.

8. Your skin _______ ________ __________ by the sun.

9. The meat _______ a little __________.

10. The employees ________ ________ ________ ________.

https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-us-canada-56936198  hailstones in Texas


https://www.bbc.com/news/av/science-environment-13612991        hedgehogs new

 


comparative adverbs

1. He slept __________ _________ last night _________ the previous night.

2. Martha works __________ ___________ the other waitresses.

3. My car runs _________ ___________ now __________ it did before I took it to a mechanic.

4. You need to drive _________ _________ when there are children present.

5. The teacher needs to speak _________ __________ if he wants to be heard.

6. The machine operates _________ __________ in cold weather.

7. Flights depart ___________ ____________ in the evening compared to the morning.

8. Jose played soccer ________ today _______ he did last week.

9. Helena did her job _________ ___________ after she made a few mistakes.

10. Smart phones can direct travelers to their destination _________ __________ __________ they did a few years ago.


https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-wales-55071979  schooling


8

1 Заполните пропуски нужной грамматической формой из списка

My mother goes to the theatre whenever she can. When a new play is on, she usually reads the review on the Internet to find out (1)__________ about the play. Last week a new comedy was staged at the city theatre. The reviews on the Internet (2)_________ it was very good. My father (3)________ comedies. So, my mom and I (4)______ the theatre without him. Unfortunately, we were a little late. We missed the beginning, but the rest of the play (5)_________ very funny. The actors were very good. The reviews on the Internet were right. We enjoyed every minute of the performance.

 A 1) much 2) more 3) many 4) most

B 1) says 2) said 3) were saying 4) has said

C 1) don't like 2) likes 3) doesn't like 4) liked

D 1) have gone 2) are going 3) will go 4) went

E 1) was 2) is 3) will be 4) were


2 Прочитайте текст, вставьте в пропуски слова из списка, 2 слова лишние

Му younger sisters, Jenny and June, are (A)____ twins. Although they are very similar to each other in many ways, they are (B)____ in other ways. They agree on many things: for example, they are both fond of animals.

When they first went to school, Mum and Dad insisted on them being put to different classes. Jenny is now good at gymnastics and art but June is (C)____ at anything (D)____ .

June knows a lot about history and geography but is not interested in sport. Her teachers say Jenny is probably going to succeed at something(E)____ like painting — and June will probably end up doing some kind of research work.

1. hopeless; 2. identical; 3. practical; 4. artistic; 5. different; 6. feels; 7. works.


Чтение текста вслух

You are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

 

Do you know why it is hot in the summer and cold in the winter? Most people believe that it is because the Earth is closer to the Sun in the summer and farther from it in the winter. But it is not like this at all! In fact, the distance between the Earth and the Sun is largest in July and smallest in January! Scientists suggest that the reason for different summer and winter temperatures is the angle of the Sun’s rays. In the summer, the rays reach the Earth almost at a right angle. Due to this, the rays are not spread out and a smaller area of the planet's surface gets the energy. In the winter, the angle changes and the Sun’s rays are spread out over a larger area. Besides this, the long nights and short days do not give enough time for the land to warm up. 

 





https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-56205189 Q

vaccination didn’t hurt at all

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Aurora The cruiser Aurora is a museum in St. Petersburg. It is a former Russian naval ship that has played an important part in the country’s history. The Aurora was built between 1897 and 1900 at the Admiralty shipyard in St. Petersburg. The cruiser was one of the largest ships of its time. After its construction was complete, the Aurora took its place as part of the Russian 2nd Squadron in the Pacific Ocean. In May 1905, it took part in the Battle of Tsushima and was one of just a few Russian ships A_______________________. After the battle in the Baltic, it returned to St. Petersburg B_______________________. The ship served during World War I. When it returned to St. Petersburg in 1916 for major repairs, the city was on the edge of revolution C_______________________ the 1917 February Revolution. Soon the Aurora was to play a huge part in the October revolution. The ship is famous for firing the shot D_______________________ the Winter Palace. Once again in 1922, the Aurora served as a training ship. During World War II, the ship’s guns were removed to use for land defense. Unfortunately, being left defenseless it was sunk in Leningrad harbour to keep it from E_______________________. The ship was brought back to the surface in 1944 and later, after extensive repairs, it was permanently anchored at the harbour and became a museum in 1957. The Aurora is now maintained by cadets from the nearby Nakhimov Navy School. Admission is free to the public, F_______________________ a small fee.

 1. though a visit to the engine room carries

 2. and became a cadet training ship

 3. that survived the intense naval battle

 4. falling into the hands of the Germans

 5. that signaled the prepared attack on

6. and many crew members joined

7. protecting the territory of the harbour



Russian souvenirs. 

Russia is famous for its diversity, as well as its hospitality. The best way to show Russia to someone is to bring home something special. Matryoshka and balalaika are quite stereotypical presents. There are many other goods A_______________________. Woolen shawls have always been popular in Russia because of cold winters. The shawls made in Pavlovsky Posad, B_______________________, are considered to be a traditional Russian gift. Woolen shawls and scarves have been made there since 1795. A wide shawl with a beautiful original pattern on it may be used like a blanket. It is nice to cover oneself up with it sitting in the armchair, watching a movie, C_______________________. The Pavlovsky Posad manufacture produces scarves for men as well. They can be bought through the Internet, or in brand stores, D_______________________. Belyovskaya pastila is a souvenir E_______________________. It has been made since the 19th century in the town of Belyov near Tula. This is a very special kind of Russian confection. Though it is called “pastila”, it is not a marshmallow style delicacy. Belyovskaya pastila is made of dried apples. After they have been dried, they are mixed with egg whites and sugar and whipped. Belyovskaya pastila is similar to a cake, F_______________________ of apples. It is considered to be a natural product, and it is not of average price. Tourists can buy this kind of sweet at some confectioner’s shops throughout Moscow.

 


1. that one may buy in Moscow as a souvenir

2. which are situated in the centre of Moscow

3. that pleases the people with a sweet tooth

 4. although it has a slightly sour taste

5. which is a town not very far from Moscow

 6. riding a bike around the villages in Russia

 7. reading a book, or drinking coffee or tea 



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